Inner planet

Mercury, Venus ,Earth and Mars are the solar system’s inner planets. On the face of it ,they are worlds aparts –but underneath the surface, it  is a different story.              

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The inner planets all formed the same material about 4.6 billions years ago all are a mix of  rock and metal ,with interiors that are roughly divided into layers . The heavier metal is concentrated toward the  center ,while the lighter rockis on top.

Each of  these planets was bombarded by asteroids and comets early in the solar system’s history ,and each has been affected  by volcanic activity too. Mercury’s heavily created face still bears the scar of the early bombardment ,but the surfacement of the  other  three worlds have changed over time.

Living world:

Third out form the sun ,earth is the largest of the inner planets.it’s the only planet with liquid water flowing freely on the surface ,and it’s the only planet in the universe known to sustain life.      

Earth’s surface consist of vast ocean (71per percent ),continents of land two polar ice caps –caps all supported by thin,rocky crust.the crust is broken into seven huge segment and many smaller ones.called tectonic planets,these giants slabs of rock creep slowly over Earth’s surface,pushed by  churning movement in the softer,hot rock that fills most of earth’s interior .as tectonic plates move they bump into each other and grind past one another ,generating immense forces that thrust up mountain ranges ,unleash volcanic eruptions,and trigger  earthquakes.these powerful forces continually change Earth’s appearance,as do the actions of the  wind and water –and planet’s 7 billions humans inhabitants.

Earth’s profile:

Di meter..12,756 kem(7,926 miles)

Average surface

Temperature……15c(59F)

One spin axis …..23.9hours

One orbit of sun …..365days

Number of moons……….1                                                                   

Titled planet:

earth spins around one's day but  it isn’t perfectly.it’s axis-the imaginary line from pole to pole around which it spins –is tilted by 23.5   So as earth travels around the sun,one hemisphere and then the other is tilted towards the sun.This is what causes the seasons.

The red planet:

The second smallest planets in the solar system,mars is half the size of earth.it’s sometimes called the red planet because of the of its rusty colouring. A vast canyon and valles marineris stretches a quarter of the way around this frozen long ago when the crust of the young planet plains stream with boulders and giant,extinct volcanoes, including Olympus mons –the solar system largest volcano.

Mars profile:

Diameter….6,792 km(4,220 miles)

Average surface

Temperature……..-63C(-81F)

One spin on axis……..24.6 hours

One orbit of sun ….687 Earth days

Number of moons …….2  

Rocky floodplains :

Mars hasn’t always been a desert .dry river  beds show that water flowed here long ago.flood swept rocks across the land and dumped them on floodplains like the one below.mars may even have been warm and wet enough for life to flourish.     


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